1. Sanctions Imposed by Western Countries

Since 2022, many Western countries (such as the US, EU, UK, and Japan) have imposed a series of sanctions on Russia, severely restricting the export of the following items:

• Dual-Use Goods: such as high-precision machine tools, radar systems, sensors, and specific software;
• High-Tech Products: such as semiconductors, microchips, and telecommunications equipment;
• Oil Extraction Technology & Equipment.
• Aerospace Components & Systems.
• Luxury Goods: such as high-end vehicles, luxury apparel, and watches (above a certain value);
• Specific Financial & Payment Services: such as the removal of some Russian banks from the SWIFT system.

PS: If you are settling payments in USD or EUR, transactions through sanctioned banks may not be possible.

1. Re-export Risks for Neutral Products

Although China has not directly sanctioned Russia, extreme caution is required for the following export activities:

• Re-exporting Western-origin products or items containing restricted technology to Russia (e.g., goods under the US EAR regulations);
• Products containing over 25% US technology or software may be subject to "long-arm jurisdiction";
• Using US-based software (like Adobe, AutoCAD) in Russian projects may pose a compliance risk.

2. Chinese Customs' Control over Sensitive Items

• Exporting sensitive items (such as drones, certain chemical products, CNC equipment) requires an "Export License for Dual-Use Items and Technologies";
• High-performance GPUs, embedded systems, etc., may also be restricted if they have dual-use applications.

1. EAC Certification (Eurasian Conformity)

Nearly all industrial products require mandatory EAC certification before entering the Russian or Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) market, including:

• home appliances, machinery, electrical products, pressure vessels, etc.;
• Russian-language labels, technical manuals, and safety instructions must be provided.

2. Food products and?Cosmetics?must comply with Russian Federal standards

• Food products require Russian veterinary/phytosanitary certificates;
• Cosmetics require a State Registration Certificate (GR);
• Labels must be in Russian, with clear ingredient lists and production dates.

1. Payment Obstacles

• Several Russian banks have been removed from the SWIFT system;
• USD and EUR payment channels are restricted, with a current shift towards?RMB or RUB settlements.
• Using Chinese banks (like Bank of China, ICBC) for Russia trade may also face increased scrutiny.

2. Insurance and Shipping Risks

• Many international insurance companies no longer cover cargo to or from Russia;
• Major shipping lines (like Maersk, MSC) have suspended services to Russia, necessitating a switch to rail or cross-border truck transport;
• The?China-Europe Railway Express?remains a high-frequency option for China-Russia routes.

• Pre-assess if the product is controlled: Cross-reference the HS code and technical specs with US and Chinese regulations;
• Switch to local currency settlement or third-country payment channels.
• Avoid "re-export substitution" models that could trigger secondary sanctions.
• Ensure all compliance documents (contract, invoice, packing list, certifications) are complete.
• Closely monitor dynamic policy changes..